Study of Stomatal Distribution on Leaves

Study of Stomatal Distribution on Leaves :-
Stomata are minute pores of eliptical shape, consists of two specialized epidermal cell called guard cells. The guard cells are kidney shape in dicotyledon and dumbell shape in monocotyledon. Stomata control the movement of gases in and out of a leaf, making carbon dioxide available for photosynthesis, and controlling the loss of water from the leaf through transpiration.

Distribution of stomata varies between monocots and dicots, between plant species, and between the underside and top side of the leaves on a plant. Stomata are found more on plant surfaces thriving under higher light, lower atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and in moist environments.Usually the lower surface of a dicot leaf has a greater number of stomata while in a monocot leaf they are more or less equal on both surfaces. In most of the floating plants, stomata are found only on the upper epidermis.

This video explains how to study the stomatal distribution on the upper and lower leaf surfaces and to calculate the stomatal index.